6. INCOME TAXES

The effective income tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2021 includes an estimate for the Global Intangible Low-Taxed Income (“GILTI”) inclusion. As of March 31, 2021, the Company does not have a valuation allowance against its U.S. deferred tax assets. The Company analyzed all sources of available income and determined that they are more likely than not to realize the tax benefits of their deferred assets. As of March 31, 2021, the Company has a valuation allowance against deferred tax assets in certain foreign jurisdictions with an overall net operating loss. The valuation allowance will be reduced at such time as management believes it is more likely than not that the deferred tax assets will be realized. Any reductions in the valuation allowance will reduce future income tax provision.

As of March 31, 2021, the Company no longer has U.S. federal net operating losses due to its filing in August 2020 to carry back $3.6 million of losses generated in the tax year ended December 31, 2019 to offset taxable income from the tax year ended December 31, 2016. The Company has U.S. state net operating loss carryforwards of $3.5 million that begin expiring in 2039. At March 31, 2021, the Company has foreign net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $2.8 million in various jurisdictions with various expirations.

As a result of capital return activities, the Company determined that a portion of its current undistributed foreign earnings is no longer deemed reinvested indefinitely by its non-U.S. subsidiaries. For state income tax purposes, the Company will continue to periodically reassess the needs of its foreign subsidiaries and update its indefinite reinvestment assertion as necessary. To the extent that additional foreign earnings are not deemed permanently reinvested, the Company expects to recognize additional income tax provision at the applicable state corporate income tax rate(s). As of March 31, 2021, the Company has not recorded a state deferred tax liability for earnings that the Company plans to repatriate out of accumulated earnings in future periods because all earnings as of March 31, 2021 have already been repatriated. Due to the U.S. Tax Cuts and Jobs Act in 2017, repatriation from foreign subsidiaries will be offset with a dividends received deduction, resulting in little to no impact on federal tax expense. All undistributed earnings in excess of 50% of current earnings on an annual basis are intended to be reinvested indefinitely as of March 31, 2021.

The Company and its subsidiaries file tax returns in the United States, California, New Jersey and Texas and various foreign jurisdictions. During the fourth quarter of 2018, the Company was notified that it was selected for audit of the 2016 tax year by the U.S. Internal Revenue Service. The audit was expanded to also include the 2017, 2018 and 2019 tax years. For purposes of this audit, fiscal years since 2007 are open for examination by tax authorities as a result of net operating loss carryovers from older years being used to offset income in recent tax years. No adjustments have been proposed at this time. The Company is no longer subject to state income tax examinations for years prior to 2015. No other jurisdictions are currently examining any income tax returns of the Company.